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```{index} single: File::Spec::Win32
```

# File::Spec::Win32

methods for Win32 file specs

## SYNOPSIS

```perl
require File::Spec::Win32; # Done internally by File::Spec if needed
```

## DESCRIPTION

See File::Spec::Unix for a documentation of the methods provided
there. This package overrides the implementation of these methods, not
the semantics.

- devnull

    Returns a string representation of the null device.

- tmpdir

    Returns a string representation of the first existing directory
    from the following list:

    ```perl
    $ENV{TMPDIR}
    $ENV{TEMP}
    $ENV{TMP}
    SYS:/temp
    C:\system\temp
    C:/temp
    /tmp
    /
    ```

    The SYS:/temp is preferred in Novell NetWare and the C:\\system\\temp
    for Symbian (the File::Spec::Win32 is used also for those platforms).

    If running under taint mode, and if the environment
    variables are tainted, they are not used.

- case\_tolerant

    MSWin32 case-tolerance depends on GetVolumeInformation() $ouFsFlags == FS\_CASE\_SENSITIVE,
    indicating the case significance when comparing file specifications.
    Since XP FS\_CASE\_SENSITIVE is effectively disabled for the NT subsubsystem.
    See [http://cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2007-07/msg00891.html](http://cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2007-07/msg00891.html)
    Default: 1

- file\_name\_is\_absolute

    As of right now, this returns 2 if the path is absolute with a
    volume, 1 if it's absolute with no volume, 0 otherwise.

- catfile

    Concatenate one or more directory names and a filename to form a
    complete path ending with a filename

- canonpath

    No physical check on the filesystem, but a logical cleanup of a
    path. On UNIX eliminated successive slashes and successive "/.".
    On Win32 makes 

    ```perl
    dir1\dir2\dir3\..\..\dir4 -> \dir\dir4 and even
    dir1\dir2\dir3\...\dir4   -> \dir\dir4
    ```

- splitpath

    ```perl
    ($volume,$directories,$file) = File::Spec->splitpath( $path );
    ($volume,$directories,$file) = File::Spec->splitpath( $path,
                                                          $no_file );
    ```

    Splits a path into volume, directory, and filename portions. Assumes that 
    the last file is a path unless the path ends in '\\\\', '\\\\.', '\\\\..'
    or $no\_file is true.  On Win32 this means that $no\_file true makes this return 
    ( $volume, $path, '' ).

    Separators accepted are \\ and /.

    Volumes can be drive letters or UNC sharenames (\\\\server\\share).

    The results can be passed to "catpath" to get back a path equivalent to
    (usually identical to) the original path.

- splitdir

    The opposite of [catdir()](../Spec.md).

    ```perl
    @dirs = File::Spec->splitdir( $directories );
    ```

    $directories must be only the directory portion of the path on systems 
    that have the concept of a volume or that have path syntax that differentiates
    files from directories.

    Unlike just splitting the directories on the separator, leading empty and 
    trailing directory entries can be returned, because these are significant
    on some OSs. So,

    ```perl
    File::Spec->splitdir( "/a/b//c/" );
    ```

    Yields:

    ```text
    ( '', 'a', 'b', '', 'c', '' )
    ```

- catpath

    Takes volume, directory and file portions and returns an entire path. Under
    Unix, $volume is ignored, and this is just like catfile(). On other OSs,
    the $volume become significant.

### Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers

Novell NetWare inherits its File::Spec behaviour from File::Spec::Win32.

## COPYRIGHT

Copyright (c) 2004,2007 by the Perl 5 Porters.  All rights reserved.

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the same terms as Perl itself.

## SEE ALSO

See [File::Spec](../Spec.md) and [File::Spec::Unix](Unix.md).  This package overrides the
implementation of these methods, not the semantics.